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HORDI Crop – Mushroom

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Oyster Mushrooms (American oyster/ Abalone/ Pink oyster)

Pleurotus ostreatus /Pleurotus cystidiosus /Pleurotus angustatus

  • Oyster mushrooms can be grown on substrate which contain lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses
  • Substrate preparation for oyster mushroom is very simple.
  • It does not require controlled environmental conditions and have very wide temperature, relative humidity and CO2 tolerance
  • Cultivation steps
  1. Preparation of spawn.
  2. Substrate preparation.
  3. Substrate sterilization
  4. Spawning of substrate
  5. Crop management

Released Varieties

  • American oyster
  • Abalone
  • Pink oyster
Variety details >>

Climatic requirements/ Areas suitable for cultivation

American oyster

 

T0 C

RH%

CO2 (ppm)

Light (lux)

Spawn run

24-27

90-100

20,000

Total dark

Primodia formation

17-19

95

600

2000

Fruiting body formation

19-20

85-92

600

2000

 

Abalone

 

T0 C

RH%

CO2 (ppm)

Light (lux)

Spawn run

24-30

90-95

5,000-20,000

Total dark

Primodia formation

18-24

95-100

500-1000

500-1000

Fruiting body formation

21-27

85-90

<2000

500-1000

 

Pink oyster

 

T0 C

RH%

CO2 (ppm)

Light (lux)

Spawn run

24-27

90-100

20,000

Total dark

Primodia formation

17-19

95

600

2000

Fruiting body formation

19-20

85-92

600

2000

 

For spawn run –Incubation room

For primodia formation and fruiting body formation – Cropping house

Substrate

Saw dust Media for Oyster mushrooms

For 50 packets

            Saw dust                                 20kg

            Rice bran                                 2kg

            CaO                                         400g

            Soya flour                               200g

            MgSO4                                    40g

Other requirements

  • 200 gauge polypropylene bags (7” width and14” height)
  • ¾” width and ½” height PVC pipes
  • Rubber bands
  • Cotton waste/cotton

Pest Management

  • Mushroom flies (Bradysia, Cecid fly, Phorid fly, Sciarid flies)
  • Lycid beetle
  • Mites

Controlling

  • Construct a standard cropping house with insect proof net
  • Proper cropping house sanitation
  • Use of neem water extract
  • Use of garlic, neem extract
  • Use of sulphur containing insecticide for mites

Disease Management

Fungal diseases :

            Trichoderma spp. infection –Green color mould

            Aspergillus niger infection –  Black color mould

Controlling :

  • Use of standard saw dust, rice bran and cotton waste
  • Proper sterilization of bags
  • Should be used disease free spawns
  • Inoculation should be done under sterilize condition
  • Proper management of temperature and humidity during growing period
  • Removal and discard of infected bags

Control of bacterial infections

Regular application of chlorinated water containing 10g/1litre water of freely available chlorine at an interval of 3 – 5 days

Spawn requirement

200g grain (rice) spawns for 50-60 packets

Incubation

American Oyster and Pink Oyster : 20-30 days in incubation room

Abalone : 45-60 days in incubation room

Transfer the cropping house

After completion of the spawn running

Opening the packets

Fully open or half open (for high temperature areas)

Water supply

Watering should be done as a mist or humidifiers can be used

Harvesting

  • The fruit bodies should be harvested before spore release, by twisting
  • pick all the mushrooms at one time from a pot

Yield

300-400 g fresh mushrooms/pot