Damage symptoms

The larva is a small, green colour surface feeder. Although the larvae are small, with its chewing mouthparts it feeds voraciously on the leaves leaving a papery epidermis intact. In severe infestation, result complete removal of foliar tissue except for the leaf veins and disturb the head formation in cabbage.

Damage symptoms

All cruciferous plants at all stages of growth are attacked by cabbage loopers. The larvae make large irregular holes in the underside of leaves and consume developing cabbage heads. In severe infestation, consume the leaves completely and result skelotinising leaves. In addition larval excrement is found at the base of the leaves.

Damage symptoms

• Irregular holes on leaves initially and later skeletonization of leaves
• Management of cabbage caterpillar complex
• Proper nursery management
• Regular field monitoring
• Crop rotation
• Destroy crop residual after harvesting
• Proper field sanitation

Protect the predators and parasitoids by avoiding the use of broad-spectrum pesticides unnecessarily

Chemical control

• Emamectin benzoate 5%SG at the rate of 8g/16l of water
• Etofenprox 100g/l EC at the rate of 24 ml/16l of water
• Chlorfluazuron 50g/l EC at the rate of 16ml/16l of water
• Bistrifluron 100g/l EC at the Rate of 24 ml/16l of water
• Tebufenozide 200g/l SC at the Rate of 24 ml/16l of water
• Chromafenozide 50g/l SC at the Rate of 32 ml/16l of water
• Chlorantraniliprole 200g/ SC at the Rate of 6ml/16l of water
• Lufenuron 50g/l EC at the Rate of 16ml/16l of water
• Spinosad 25g/l SC at the Rate of 16ml/16l of water
• Flubendiamide 24% WG at the Rate of 6ml/16l of water

Damage symptoms

Habitually they are nocturnal. Early instars make round holes in leaves. Later, the shoots are damaged close to the ground, often cut the whole plant at the base, during emergence. Cut several plants in a single night and pulling the plant stem belowground.  Cut plants show wilting during day time.

Management

• Regular monitoring
• Hand collecting and destroying
• Weed management
• Proper field sanitation

Plough the soil deeply to bring the larvae and pupa to the surface of the soil

Encourage predatory birds to preying the worms during tillage operation

Chemical control

• Profenophos 500 g/l EC at the rate of 32 ml per 16 l of water
• Etofenprox 100g/l EC at the rate of 24 ml per 16 l of water

80-90% distribution occurs with transportation of organic matter and larvae feed on the developing shoot and young roots of the developing seedling

Damage symptoms

• Wilting leaves and plants shrivel.
• Pull up the damage plants; you will see the tiny root maggots on the roots

Management

• Regular field monitoring
• Crop rotation
• Place yellow sticky traps around the field edges just above the growing cabbages.
• Remove and burn infected plants
• Plough the soil to bring the pupa to the surface of the soil
• Application of properly decomposed FYM/compost

Chemical control

• Fipronil 50 SC

Damage symptom

• Suck the sap from the plant and contaminate the edible products. Malformation of the leaves

Management

• Monitoring aphids’ population visually or placing yellow colour water trap.
• Weed control in crop fields to reduce the availability of alternate host plants
• Protect the predators and parasitoids by avoiding the use of broad-spectrum pesticides unnecessarily

Chemical control

• Thiamethoxam 25% WG at the rate of 5g per 16 l of water
• Imidacloprid 70%WG at the rate of 2g per 16 l of water
• Thiocyclam (Hydrogen Oxalate) 50% SP at the rate of 40g per 16 l of water
• Chlorantraniliprole 20% + Thiamethoxam 20% WG at the rate of 5g per 16 l of water
• Buprofezin 25% SC at the rate of 45ml per 16 l of water
• Azadirachtine 5%EC at the rate of 16ml per 16 l of water

Damage is severe during high rainfall conditions

Damage symptoms

• Irregular holes on leaves
• Management
• Eliminate place where can shelter during day time
• Regular practice of trapping and removing snails
• Removing debris and manage field sanitations
• Proper weed management
• Regular field infection and hand collection
• Encourage predatory birds by enhance natural habitats

Chemical control

• Metaldehyde 5% GR at the rate of 10-40 Kg/ha