HORDI Crop – Brinjal – Department of Agriculture Sri lanka

3m x 1m beds in better sunlight conditions are suitable. Beds should be sterilized. Add 1:1 ratio of surface soil and cow dung. Seeds should be placed in rows in 6 inches spacing.

Land preparation

Zero tillery or ploughed soil should be prepared and 30m x 30m x 30m holes are suitable

Planting

25-30 days old plants can be established in prepared holes as one plant per hole

Spacing

90cm x 60cm

Fertilizer

Time of application	Urea kg/ha	TSP kg/ha	MOP kg/ha
Basal	75	325	85
After 4 weeks	75	–	–
After 8 weeks	75	–	85

Water supply

Better to supply water for better growth

Weed Control

2,4,7,9,12 days after planting , better to remove weeds

Pest Management

Disease Management

Fungal diseases

1. Damping-off
Causal organism: Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia spp. and Sclerotium rolfsii
Symptoms:

Sudden collapsing seedlings at the base of the stem
Root rot and seedling death
Brownish black discoloration at the base due to Rhizoctonia spp

Management

Prepare nursery beds in well drained virgin soil
Nursery sterilization – burning, solarization or with chemicals
Remove affected plants with the adjacent soil
Seed treatment (should be done just before seeding)

-Thiram 80% WP – 5g/ kg
-Thiophanate-methyl 50% WP + Thiram 30% WP – 4g/ kg
-Captan 50% WP – 6g/ kg.

Soil treatment – Drench with a recommended fungicide around the base of the plant as spot application

– Thiophanate-methyl 50% WP + Thiram 30% WP – 50g/50l / 10m2
– Thiram 80% WP – 70g/50l 10m2
– Captan 50% WP – 60g/50l / 10m2
2. Collar rot
Causal organism: Sclerotium rolfsii
Symptoms:

Yellowing of leaves
Decaying near collar region
Mycelia mat with white / brown Sclerotia on collar region

Management

Destroy affected plants with the adjacent soil
Improve drainage
Deeply plough the land and expose to affected soil to bright sunlight
Avoid root damage at transplanting
Soil treatment – Drench with a recommended fungicide around the base of the plant as spot application

– Thiophanate-methyl 50% WP + Thiram 30% WP – 50g/50l / 10m2
– Thiram 80% WP – 70g/50l / 10m2
– Captan 50% WP – 60g/50l / 10m2
3. Fusarium wilt

Causal organism: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici

Symptoms:

Yellowing of leaves and wilt
Vascular discoloration of stem
Root rot and dying of the plant

Management

Destroy affected plants with the adjacent soil
Improve drainage
Deeply plough the land and expose to affected soil to bright sunlight
Avoid root damage at transplanting
Soil treatment – Drench with a recommended fungicide around the base of the plant as spot application

– Thiophanate-methyl 50% WP + Thiram 30% WP – 50g/50l / 10m2

– Thiram 80% WP – 70g/50l / 10m2

– Captan 50% WP – 60g/50l / 10m2

4. Powdery mildew
Causal organism: Podosphaera xanthii

Symptoms:

Circular yellow patches or spots appear on the lower surface of the leaves.
White powdery residue on the upper leaf surface.

Management:

Use recommended fungicides at initial stage of disease development (Refer: Pesticide recommendation DOA, 2019)
- Apply sulfur 80% WG 50 g/10 l of water
- Chlorothalonil 500g/l SC- 30 ml/10 l of water
- Carbendazim 50% WP- 7 g/10 l of water

5. Anthracnose
Causal organism: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Symptoms:

Sunken circular lesions with tan to orange to black concentric rings in their center
Fruiting bodies with pink masses of conidia may ooze from lesions

Management

Use of healthy seeds
Avoid excess overhead irrigation
Remove and destroy infected fruits
Seed treatment (should be done just before seeding)

–Thiram 80% WP – 5g/ kg
-Thiophanate-methyl 50% WP + Thiram 30% WP – 4g/ kg
-Captan 50% WP – 6g/ kg.

Foliar application of fungicides start at flowering stage in rainy season

– Fluzinam 500g/1 SC – 10 ml/10l of water
– Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WP – 20 g/10l of water
– Cabendazim 50% WG – 7 g/10l of water
– Thiophanate-methyl 70% WP – 6g/10l of water
– Chlorothalonil 500 SC – 30ml/10l of water
6.Phomopsis blight
Causal organism: Phomopsis vexans
Symptoms

Small canker gray spots with black margins appear on stem and petioles
Center of the spot becomes gray and black due to pycnidia development
Soft and watery fruit spots become black and mummified

Management

Remove and destruction of infected fruits
Use recommended fungicides at initial stage of disease development (Refer: Pesticide recommendation DOA, 2019)

-Chlorothalonil 500g/l SC- 30 ml/10 l of water
-Carbendazim 50% WP- 7 g/10 l of water
– Thiophanate-methyl 70% WP of 6g/10l of water

Bacterial diseases

7. Bacterial wilt
Causal organism: Ralstonia solanacearum
Symptoms:

Slight wilting of single branch/ branches
Sudden and permanent wilting of entire plant
Discoloration of the vascular tissues
Slimy viscous bacterial ooze comes out from the cut end of affected parts when immersed in clear

Management

Remove and destroy affected plants with soil
Destroy crop debris after harvesting
Crop rotation with non-susceptible crop (cruciferous vegetables and okra) help in reducing the disease incidence
Use of resistant varieties
Disinfect all farm implements/tools with bleach after they have been
No chemical controlling method

Phytoplasma disease

8. Little leaf disease (witches’ broom)
Causal organism: Phytoplasma
The disease is transmitted by a leaf hopper(Hishimonus phycitiy)
Symptoms

leaves are narrow, soft, smooth and yellow
Internodes of the stem become shorten
Auxiliary buds get enlarged but their petioles and leaves remain shortened and give the plant a bushy appearance.
flowers remain green/ no flowering
Fruiting is rare

Management
• Remove and burn infected plants.
• Control leaf hopper with recommended insecticides to minimize disease spread.

Harvesting

Harvesting can be started 10-12 weeks after transplanting. Fruit can be harvested 7 days intervals up to 10-12 picks.

Yield

Potential yield depends on the variety. OPV gives 18-20 t/ha and hybrids give 30- 40 t/ha

Leaflet – Diseases on Brinjal

Telephone

+94 812 388 331 /32/ 34

Email Address

info@doa.gov.lk /
dgoffice@doa.gov.lk

Office Address

Department of Agriculture,P.O.Box.01,
Peradeniya