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HORDI Crop – Yard Long Bean

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Yard Long Bean

Vigna unguiculata

Belongs to family Fabaceae

Very popular crop grown in Sri Lanka

Released Varieties

  • Gannoruwa Hawari
  • Gannoruwa A9 mae
  • Hawari Mae
  • Sena
  • Polon Mae
  • Bushita (Local)
  • BS1
  • Bush Polon Mae
Variety details >>

Climatic requirements/ Areas suitable for cultivation

Low Country Wet Zone, Intermediate Zone, Dry Zone are ideal for cultivation

Soil

Well-draining sandy loam soil is ideal. Soil pH around 5.6 -7 is optimal. Heavy clay soils with poor drainage is not good for cultivation

Seed requirement

Bush type – 17-20 kg/ha

Vine Type – 16-20 kg/ha

Nursery Management

Direct seeding. When planting,

Wet zone- after monsoonal rains; Dry Zone-Yala : in rain fed cultivations- March /April

Dry Zone – Under irrigation (Yala Season)- April/May. Maha-End of November

Land preparation

Harrow soil to a depth of 15-20 cm and break the soil. If water retains in soil, or irrigation is done, prepare beds or ridges. If no beds are prepared in cultivation, especially in Maha season, make drains to avoid water retention

Planting

Plant 3-4 Seeds per pit after soaking them for 24 hours.

Irrigate the seeds well

After 2 weeks of seedling emergence, Keep two healthy Seedlings and remove the rest carefully

Training

Set up about 7 ft. long poles for vine support, especially for vine type. Train the vines to poles.

Can be place single pole per pit or set support poles place to place and pull ropes vertically and train the vines to ropes.

Spacing

Bush type – Between plants 20 cm ,  between rows 60-75 cm

Vine type type – between plants 30 cm , between rows 90cm

Fertilizer

Add 10 t/ha of well decomposed organic matter to soil and mix well. Additionally, apply chemical fertilizers as recommended. Apply Basal Fertilizers two days before planting

Time of applicationUrea kg/haTSP kg/haMOP kg/ha
Basal (02 Days before planting)

35

130

35

Top Dressing (After a month)

55

–

35

Water supply

At initial stages apply water every 4 days per week. Later add water once a week. If soil moisture is high, root rot disease may occur

Weed Control

Weed control is recommended at week 2 and 4 after planting

Pest Management

Disease Management

Causal Organism: Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., Sclerotium spp

Symptoms

  • The base of the plant turns brown and rot outside.
  • If the infection is caused by Sclerotium fungus, white fungal mycelium can see at the base of the plant.
  • wilted patches can be seen in the field

Management

  • Improve drainage
  • Application of fungicides to the basement
  • Crop rotation
  • Removal of infected plant parts from the field and destruction
 

Causal Organism: macrophomina phaseolina

Symptoms

  • The initial symptoms are gray brown sunken dry spots on the base of the stem
  • This can spread to the apex of the plant. Plant wilt and then die
  • The leaves of diseased plants first wither and then die

Management

  • Apply Tebuconazole 250g /lEW fungicide after about 04 weeks of planting

Harvesting

Harvest both bush & vine types every 2 days. Bush types can give 7-12 times and vine types can give about 15-16 times of harvesting

Yield

Polon and hawari mae – 12 mt/ha;

Bushita (local) – 10mt/ha;

Bush polon mae – 9mt/ha;

Gannoruwa Hawari – 35 mt/ha ;

Gannoruwa A9 – 21/24 mt/ha